A Dutch ethologist and ornithologist who shared the 1973 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Karl von Frisch and Konrad Lorenz. Ethology is a combination of laboratory and field science, with a strong relation to certain other disciplines — e.g., neuroanatomy, ecology, evolution. Ethologists are typically interested in a behavioral process rather than in a particular animal group and often study one type of behavior (e.g. aggression) in a number of unrelated animals. The modern discipline of ethology is generally considered to have begun during the 1930s with the work of Tinbergen, Lorenz and von Frisch. In Tinbergen’s Nobel Prize acceptance speech, he spoke at length about the Alexander Technique and his work with F.M.